2.
   2024
/  
 ()
: 3     :50
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.          
2.       
-
3.               
4.         
-
5.            
6.    -         
2.
-
7.       ?      
8.           
   2024
/  
 ()
: 3     :50
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.          
:          |
     ( 8
  18
 )     
                
               - , 
     ,      ,   
 
        ,  ,    -
           
;   , 
 ,     ,        
   -    
2.
:      
      ,        
           ()   ()  
    
     -  ,        - 
      ,     ,  , , 
            
     
              
          
   ,  


           
,      -        
      '   ,         
   ,      
 ,      
        
             ,  
     ,       
             , 
     
    
             
    
,   ,        
    
        :
         
      
       (  )
2.
        
  -    
   
   
       -,     
 ,   ,     
        ,      "" ( ) 
           :
  
         
    ' 
                

   -     ,       

 
     
    ,      '      
:
 ( ):      ,  
    
 ( ):           

        
   ,     

     
     , , ,        
         ,    
   
2.
         , ,     
    ,     

             
            ,    
             ,  
 ,       ,    ,  
   '   
2.       
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌-
     
'        
 -   
       ,       
    
  
          ,        
  ,         
              
 ,    -          
󷙣󷙤󷙥  ( )

     "
"  ""           
                    
    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔           ,     
    
      ,       
     ()      
         
2.

  , 72             
    :
    
 ,          
  ,        
    
:
    
 ,          
󷙢  ( )

     ""  ""         
                   
  -    ,   ,     '   
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔       -        
     
       
 ;     
  -  ()   ()    
       ,         

   ,   :
:             
:          
    ,   :
 :              
  :        
󷊨󷊩    
2.
          
   , , 

   , ,   
   ,      
    ,  
          ,      

 
󷚆󷚇󷚈 
 ?
           :
 :            
  :                
-        
   :   
       
     
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: 
  ,  
    
, 
   -    
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
 :     ,     ,     
 :     ,       
  ,              
 ,              
    
 
󽆪󽆫󽆬 
             , 
     ,         
, 
 ,  ,  -       

-
3.               
2.
:    ,   
   ,  
,     
 ,     ,     
   ,        -    
       ,      
      
   --  ,     
    
1.     
      ""  ""  ,      
  
 ,         
     :
     
     ()
    
        ,   '     
       ,        
  
2.    
  18
   ()         
                
       
   
     :
 - ,   
     ,       

            '  ,   
    ,    '    
3.       
2.
         ,     -  ,
    
  ?
1. -- 
  ( )          :
o   ( )
o               
-    
2.   
         '  :
o   
o   
o    
              
        ,     
   
3.    
  ,        :
o 
o 
o      
            ,  
, -    
4.     
    :
  -        
 
  ,      
     
 
         
5.      
2.
        ,     

 
1.   
            
 '  :
o 
o   
     
2.  () 
        
 :
o 
(  )
o  ( )
       
,         
3.  ( )  
            :
, ,     
 :
o  ,  , 
    
,        
4.    
 :
o 
o 
o    
            
       
2.
5.     
 :
o    
o      
   ' 
,      
6.    
     :
       
   '  ,  ' 
6.   
         :
   
          
            
 ,             ,  
     
7. 
         ,     
 
           ,  
,    -   '        
    -     ,  ,   
 -      
 
2.
4.         
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌   
      20   1911  ()   ,  
          ,    ,  
        ,         
,    (    ,   )    
    ,            
           ,   
        
󷙣󷙤󷙥   
                
   ,    ( )   ( )   , 
 :
   ( )
,  
-  (,   -)
       
    ,        
 
  (  )     ,       
      
󷡉󷡊󷡋󷡌󷡍󷡎  
     ,            
 ,          '   
        :
    (1968)
    . .   (1973/74)
        
             
      
 ,      
  
 
󷊨󷊩  
2.
       ,         
  ,      '     
     -  ,        
     
        
 -    -    
            
󹼯󹼰󹼱󹼳󹼲    
              
 
  21  1989   ,         
  
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
    ,         
  
          ,     
      
    
     ,    

󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸  
               
  ,     ,     ,  
                ,
               -   
     
󽆪󽆫󽆬 
                

;   ,              
 
       
 -  ,   
 
2.
-
5.            
:  -     ()
   ,              
    
,           
      ,           -
-        ,       

   -
               
             '      
         ,   , ,     
    
   ,          
  ,    '        

  
:
: (    5 )
        ,      
 
     
                 

 ( ):

2.
 ( ):
’–
 
  ()
 
  (()
  ()
      ,         
  
 :
 :
          
  
    '   ( 12    3  )     
 ,             
  
      :
 ()
 ()
 (   )
 ()
    ,   ,  ,        
     
 ( )
2.
      :

       ' 
 
 ()  
         :

(  )
 ( )
 ( )
      ,    
  (
)   
      -       (16 )  
         
: 

 :
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
   ( )
:
|     |     ||     |     |
|     | '    ||     |     ||
:
| '    |     || '  '  |     |
2.
|     |    ||     |   ||
(

:


,

,









)
     
1. , - - 
2.    - 
3.     , -  
4.     -  
5.    '   , 
     
   
           
:
      
 
     
      
 
           

              

    ,             

               
             ,  
            
6.    -        
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌-
   ,  ()        ()   
,          ,     
2.
          ,      
 
             
  
                
              
     
󻏂󻏃󻏄󻏅󻏆󻏇󻏈   ?
  10  ()     
 10    ()    :
o  : 2 
o  : 3 
o  : 2 
o  : 3 
   : 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 = 10 
    ( )
  '     ()    :

 |    |   |   
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔        -         
 ,    () '   ,     ""  
󷙣󷙤󷙥  
    ,   ()   ()    :
 1:  ()
 3:  ()
 6:  ()
 8:  ()
             
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:  
 1, 3  8 '  
 ,   6 '  
 ,  
        
󼾌󼾍󼾑󼾎󼾏󼾐  
       -      
2.
1.  ( )
 ,         
         
 , ,         
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: 
    ,      : 
 | 

 | 
 | 

        
        ,          
        
2.  ( )
 ,       
    , 
      
      ,     
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:     : 
   |    |    |
  
,      , 
  
       (10 ), 
        
󷚆󷚇󷚈  
 ?
      
 
       
           - 
 ,       
     ,        
   
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔           ,     
      ,   -    
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼    
     ,         ' 
 
        (6 )   

,  (14 )    
             
  
 
2.
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  ,           
 ,         ,      
 
 
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸  
 ,  
           ,  

     :
     10-   
    :   |    |   |   
:  ,    
:  ,    
  ,     
       
      ,          
󽆪󽆫󽆬 
  10        ,       
 ,           , 
   
   
 -  ,     
-
7.       ?      
:         
-
    ,          
      -,         
           -   ,
    
 -    ,     ' 
         ,    
 
  ,              
      ,        
        
          
   
  ,    -   
2.
      ?
     
           
        , ,    , , 
    
   
  ,             
      , ,       
    ,      
,       
       
      :
  : , , , 
  :  (), 
 : , , 
  ,        :
    
    
     
 ,      
 -        
         
2.
4
   
             
()               
"  ",      
   
     ,         
                 ,  
           
      
      ,      
  
2.
1.        
  ,     (   )  , , 
              
    ,         '  

    ,            
2.   
 
               
  
        :
   '   
    
     
    
     
 
3.      
                
         
   
    
          
      ,        
 
4.        
               :
     
    
     
    
         
2.
5.      
 
      
       :
     
     
   '     
         
 
6. -   
                   
,       :


 
         
 

                
 
      ,        
                
       ,           
      
8.           
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌-
     ,  ,    
 -  , 
               
2.
              
,        
  , -  , , , , ,  
         
 -   
                 

󷙣󷙤󷙥1. 

     :  () +  (  )    
 
 

  ,      
         
       ,        

󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:              
         
 

     '   ,      
    
󷙣󷙤󷙥2. 


       ( = )

  ,     
         
  ,         
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:            , 
        
2.

      
 ,   ,  
            
󷙣󷙤󷙥3. 


  (du = )   
 

  ,    ' 
  '          
      
 ,       
   
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:               
    

  
            
   ,       
󷙣󷙤󷙥4. 


       ( = )

    
         
          
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:            
       

      
 ,     
          
2.
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
  
:    ,        
         
 :        ,    
    
    :     ,      
  
  :           
          
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸  
   - , ,    -       
  ,             
            ,    
  :  
   
󽆪󽆫󽆬 
     -       () ,   
 () ,      
  (, )   
     -   
 
"              
 
       ,       
 "